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Northwest Europe has always led the way. Over time, support has become more generous for the average elderly person relative to the young. Variable(s): Government social expenditures as a percentage of GDP."}}]},{"typeName":"subject","multiple":true,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":["Social Sciences"]},{"typeName":"publication","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"publicationCitation":{"typeName":"publicationCitation","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Lindert, P. (2021). “Social Spending and the Welfare State.” Chapter 4 in “How was Life? Volume II New perspectives on well-being and global inequality since 1820”, Ed. Zanden van, J.L., D’Ercole, M. 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